30 artikler fra IEEE Spectrum
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Quantum computers promise to solve problems beyond the most powerful classical supercomputers. But this raises a fundamental challenge: how do you prove the validity of answers that can’t be calculated any other way? In a trio of papers released yesterday, IBM and collaborators say they have demonstrated several…
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Physicists have been trying to measure the fundamental gravitation al constant for well over two centuries. The current accepted value of big G , as it’s known, is 6.67430 × 10 -11 cubic meters per kilogram per square second. It also has an uncertainty of ±0.00015 × 10 -11 m 3 /(kg s 2 ). As far as constants of the…
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One summer day in 1941, a British radio operator was monitoring German military frequencies and heard something unexpected in her headphones. A later report called it “strange new music.” Sounding unlike the familiar Morse dit-dit-dah of enciphered messages sent over the German Enigma network, the “new music” was a…
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Discover how the ZEISS Crossbeam 750 FIBSEM sets a new benchmark for precise TEM lamella prep, tomography, and advanced nanofabrication. This delivers better resolution, better SNR, larger usable FOV, and shorter acquisition times. Learn how uninterrupted FIB milling will reduce damage and rework, accelerate time to…
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Probabilistic computers might one day tackle certain problems well beyond standard computers while at the same time avoiding the many hardware challenges that currently vex quantum computing. Now scientists reveal they have created the largest probabilistic computer yet, one with 1 million “probabilistic bits.” The…
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Summary Researcher Dave Kuszmar discovered multiple systemic vulnerabilities that let him bypass LLM safety and obtain dangerous instructions . These exploits worked across nearly all major LLMs revealing an industry-wide security problem. Kuszmar calls for slowing deployment, increasing transparency , and large-scale…
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Large Language Models (LLMs) demand immense amounts of memory, and the more people use them, the more memory is required. Memory makers responded by accelerating plans to build new memory fabs, with a focus on High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) and DRAM, the first of which is scheduled to start production in 2027. But the…
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Currently, most data centers use both electronic and optical communication protocols, for different tasks. Scale-out networks connect thousands of AI computers across a data center, making optics the obvious choice for long distances. Scale-up networks connect several GPUs inside a single mega-computer or rack, where…
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A quantum computer capable of breaking the codes that help secure today’s internet became dramatically more possible in March, when Google scientists and their colleagues unveiled new research. Usually, cybersecurity researchers share information about how attacks work to help prevent them. This group, however,…
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A practical educational guide to common and uncommon VHF propagation modes, covering the physics, range implications, and real-world behaviors engineers need to understand. What Attendees will Learn 1. Why “line of sight” fails as a practical VHF planning model. 2. How refraction, reflection, diffraction, and…
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This article is brought to you by Melbourne Convention Bureau (MCB) supported by Business Events Australia . As artificial intelligence accelerates global demand for compute, a parallel constraint is emerging with equal urgency: energy. From hyperscale data centers to electrified industries, AI is driving a step…
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On 22 June, President Donald Trump signed two executive orders focused on quantum computing: The first aims to accelerate the development of quantum computers, sensors, and networks. The other seeks to accelerate the timeline for migrating critical infrastructure to cryptographic schemes that are immune to quantum…
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This article is brought to you by Capital One . After five years leading natural language understanding and eventually the entire Alexa AI organization at Amazon, Prem Natarajan made a nontraditional move: He became Chief Scientist at a bank. Not just any bank: Capital One, a financial institution serving over 100…
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Vibe coding ’s dark side, “vibe hacking,” is on the rise. Cybersecurity companies such as McAfee and Bitdefender have observed recent spikes in vibe-coded malware , also called “ vibeware ,” with telltale signs such as explanatory code comments or template placeholders akin to what vibe-coded apps contain. But just…
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It’s little secret that Europe is dependent on foreign technology—particularly U.S. tech—for office software, cloud services, AI, and more. This may have been easy to accept just several years ago, but when the United States government now openly threatens European countries with military action, there is growing…
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Today, it’s quite possible to see individual atoms in photographs . It’s one of the great triumphs of imaging. What, then, of the inverse? Can you use a single atom to capture an image? Single atoms are probably not replacing smartphone cameras soon, but an atom can be used to measure light. One research group at the…
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If simulations are to be believed, startup Tensordyne’s new AI chip could crush the performance of market leader Nvidia in terms of energy efficiency and latency for inferencing. The company just sent the plans for its first chip to be manufactured, with commercial sales of a 72-chip system scheduled for the second…
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“Space computing, the final frontier, has arrived,” Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang declared at the Nvidia GTC conference in March. Indeed, the idea of data centers in orbit has gone from science fiction to a serious spending category. Elon Musk’s SpaceX has acquired xAI (also Musk’s) and is planning a constellation of…
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OpenAI ’s fourth large language model (LLM), GPT-4 , took an estimated 50 gigawatt-hours to train, or the equivalent of 5,000 American homes ’ yearly power consumption. That was in 2023. Since then, the computational resources used to train frontier LLMs have only increased , though direct power usage numbers are hard…
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Modern operating systems are packed with defenses against security vulnerabilities . But what if those defenses could be removed? Doing so would offer a clear view of the chip running the OS. It would also expose hardware vulnerabilities the OS normally obscures. A new hand-coded OS, Fractal , provides that clear…
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At Computex 2026, an annual computer trade show held in Taipei, Taiwan, Nvidia made a long anticipated announcement—a version of the company’s Blackwell GB10 superchip for Windows PCs, called RTX Spark. Originally rumored to launch in 2025 , it was finally introduced at this year’s show. It came with full support from…
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Uncle Sam wants you to solve big scientific and engineering bottlenecks outside the hallowed walls of academia. On 14 May, the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) issued a solicitation inviting what it calls “X-Labs,” or independent research organizations, to apply for a total of US $1.5 billion over 10 years. The…
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Quantum computers promise to one day solve problems beyond the most powerful supercomputers imaginable. But it’s often underappreciated how much classical computing it takes just to operate these machines. As qubit counts rise, innovations in this supporting infrastructure will be essential if they’re to live up to…
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Memory is arguably the most serious constraint on modern AI large language models (LLMs). According to one influential paper , LLM token generation is an inherently memory-bound task, meaning the rate at which models output text is limited by how quickly data can be read in from memory. The severity of this bottleneck…
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